French+Revolution

=**__French Revolution:__**=

Old Regime:
A political and social system of France government.
 * Divided people in France into three classes.
 * First Estate - clergy
 * Second Estate - nobles
 * Third Estate - other people
 * city workers
 * peasants
 * There is about only 2% of the people were First and Second Estate, but they had 20% of the land.
 * Rest 98% of the people was the Third Estate.
 * The Third Estate had few right, and they paid too much taxes.

French Women Cause a Bread Riot: - This occurred when Marie Antoinette told a person let them eat cake because there was no food and bread. People were outraged, and they went to destroy the the palace of Versailles. - This happened when Marie Antoinette was a queen of France, the poor people need food badly and she told them to eat cake.

King Louis XVI calls a meeting: Estates-General This is a time that France is having economic problems, so King Louis XVI tried to tax the nobles, but the nobles forced him to call a meeting of three estates.

Meeting of the Estates-General: an assembly of delegates of the three estates When Louis tried to tax the nobles, nobles forced him to call a meeting of the Estates-General. It began in 1789 with arguments over how to count the votes.

Tennis Court Oath:
 * A document that the Third Estate signed in a tennis court.
 * Written and signed by 577 members of the Third Estate.
 * They would not stop meeting until new constitution was made.

Storming of the Bastille:
 * The Third Estate was angry been treated bad by the first and second estate.
 * The Third Estate was angry about the king.
 * It represented as a sign of the defeat of monarchy.
 * They went to the Bastille to destroy it.

National Assembly: - Third estate rename themselves the National Assembly. They claimed to represent all the people. National Assembly was the beginning of representative government for France. - Is the names of the Third estate.

National Convention: - Name of National Assembly people after they took control of the government. - Is the name that was named by the Third Estate.

Reign of Terror: - A period of time that Robespierre was the leader of France. Many French people were killed by guillotine because they were considered against the revolution. - Was a period of time right after they took the power from Kings and nobles,and sterted killing peple in the guillotine.

Emigres: - People from all three estates left France during the peasant uprisings and some hoped to come back to restore the old system. They were afraid of the revolution. - This is the people that left during when things are crazy in France.

The rise of Napoleon-invented the Napoleonic code He finished military school and became an artillery officer. Then later, he joined the army of the new government. When the revolution broke in 1795. He led his soldiers against French royalists. When he finally took over the government, he assumed dictatorial powers.

Coup d' etat - A sudden takeover of a government.
 * Means take over.
 * Napoleons used troops to size control of the government.

Napoleonic Code -
 * A new law that made by Napoleon.
 * Everyman is free at birth.
 * Everyman is equal.
 * Took away many individual rights won during the revolution.

Battle of Trafalgar -
 * The British and the France's war.
 * British defeat the France.
 * The Napoleon's only lost during the time he fought with British navy in the battle of Trafalgar.

Blockade - forced closing of ports. Napoleon's first mistake. He ordered in effort to stop all trades between British and other European nations.

Continental System - Napoleon's policy of preventing trade and communication between Great Britain and other Europeans nations. Is what Napoleons called the policy, and it supposed to make Europe continental more self sufficient.

Peninsula War - War that Napoleon fought in Spain. Napoleon's second mistake. In the war, he lost 3000,000 troops.

Scorched Earth Policy - Policy of burning fields and slaughtering livestock so that enemy troops would find nothing to eat. Napoleon's third mistake. When he entered Russia with more than 400,000 soldiers. Russians used scorched earth policy. They burned their fields and killed their live stocks so that Napoleon's army have no food to eat.

Waterloo- battle in Belgium that was Napoleon's final defeat. It is a town where Napoleons was defeated by European allies.

Hundred Days- Napoleon's last bid for power, which ended at Waterloo. The name of Napoleons last attempt in power and how much it lasted.